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OverviewThis table provides our list of all transcribed genes coded for by Vaccinia virus strain Western Reserve (VACV-WR; NC_006998) along with their corresponding orthologs in Vaccinia virus strain Copenhagen (VACV-COP; M35027). This list is based on our assessment of ORFs that have the potential to be transcribed, and has been determined based on a number of parameters including conservation across Orthopoxvirus species - especially Cowpox (CPXV-GRI; X94355) - and on the presence of characteristic promoter sites in the region upstream of the putative translation initiation codon.All genes annotated in the original GenBank records for VACV-WR & VACV-COP are listed, except the VACV-COP genes annotated as "X_ORF_X". These "X_ORF_X" genes are predicted not to be expressed. We welcome your feedback on this table. If you can verify or refute any of the predictions, we want to know. Additionally, if you can add to the list of literature references, we will gladly update the chart. To download a copy of this table in Excel format, please click here. Key
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| Notes | Genome | ITR Paralogs | Temporal Expression | Description | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WR | COP | WR | COP | Predicted | Known | References | ||
| VACWR001 | C23L | VACWR218 | B29R | early/late | early/late | Venkatesan 1982 (E,L) | [ITR] chemokine-binding protein; host defense modulator | |
| 1 | VACWR002 | pseudogene | VACWR217 | pseudogene | pseudogene | [ITR] gene fragment, TNF-alpha-receptor-like; host defense modulator | ||
| VACWR003 | no ortholog | VACWR216 | no ortholog | pseudogene | [ITR] unknown | |||
| 1 | VACWR004 | C22L | VACWR215 | B28R | late | [ITR] gene fragment, TNF-alpha-receptor-like; host defense modulator | ||
| 2 | VACWR005 | pseudogene | VACWR214 | pseudogene | pseudogene | [ITR] gene fragment, ankyrin-like | ||
| 2 | VACWR006 | C21L | VACWR213 | B27R | pseudogene | [ITR] gene fragment, ankyrin-like | ||
| 2 | VACWR007 | no ortholog | VACWR212 | no ortholog | pseudogene | [ITR] unknown | ||
| 2 | pseudogene | C20L | pseudogene | B26R | pseudogene | putative C20L | ||
| 2 | VACWR008 | C19L | VACWR211 | B25R | early | [ITR] gene fragment, ankyrin-like | ||
| 3 | no ortholog | C18L | no ortholog | B24R | pseudogene | putative C18L; host range protein | ||
| 3 | no ortholog | C17L | no ortholog | B23R | putative C17L; host range polypeptide; 5` fragment of CPXV-GRI:D4L, including predicted upstream promoter | |||
| no ortholog | C16L | no ortholog | B22R | early/late | putative C16L | |||
| no ortholog | C15L | no ortholog | B21R | putative C15L | ||||
| VACWR009 | C11R | VACWR210 | no ortholog | early/late | early | Cooper 1981 (E) | [ITR] secreted epidermal growth factor-like; binds EGF receptor | |
| VACWR010 | C10L | VACWR209 | no ortholog | early | early | Cooper 1981 (E) | [ITR] unknown | |
| 4 | VACWR011 | no ortholog | VACWR208 | no ortholog | early/late | early | Cooper 1981 (E) | [ITR] gene fragment, zinc finger-like; apoptosis; host defense modulator |
| 4 | VACWR012 | no ortholog | VACWR207 | no ortholog | pseudogene | [ITR] gene fragment, zinc finger-like; apoptosis; host defense modulator | ||
| VACWR013 | no ortholog | early/late | early | Cooper 1981 (E) | interleukin-18-binding protein; host defense modulator; absent from VACCP | |||
| 5 | VACWR014 | no ortholog | pseudogene | gene fragment, ankyrin-like, 77kDa cowpox host-range | ||||
| 5 | VACWR015 | no ortholog | pseudogene | gene fragment, ankyrin-like 77kDa cowpox host-range | ||||
| 5 | VACWR016 | no ortholog | pseudogene | gene fragment, ankyrin-like 77kDa cowpox host-range | ||||
| 5 | VACWR017 | no ortholog | early/late | gene fragment, ankyrin-like 77kDa cowpox host-range | ||||
| VACWR018 | no ortholog | early/late | early | Cooper 1981 (E) | unknown | |||
| VACWR019 | C9L | early | early | Cooper 1981 (E) | ankyrin-like | |||
| VACWR020 | C8L | late | late | unknown | ||||
| VACWR021 | C7L | early/late | host-range; possible host defense modulator | |||||
| VACWR022 | C6L | early/late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR023 | C5L | early | unknown | |||||
| VACWR024 | C4L | early/late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR025 | C3L | late | secreted complement binding [C3b/C4b]; host defense modulator | |||||
| VACWR026 | C2L | early/late | kelch-like | |||||
| VACWR027 | C1L | early/late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR028 | N1L | early/late | early/late | Kotwal 1989 (E,L) | virokine; host defense modulator | |||
| VACWR029 | N2L | early/late | early | Morgan 1984 (E) | alpha-amanitin target | |||
| VACWR030 | M1L | early/late | early | Morgan 1984 (E) | ankyrin-like | |||
| VACWR031 | M2L | early/late | early | Xiang 1998 (E) | unknown | |||
| VACWR032 | K1L | early/late | early | Morgan 1984 (E) | K1L is a host range gene needed for viral replication in rabbit cells and is capable of complementing for C7L function in human cells. | |||
| VACWR033 | K2L | early/late | early | Turner 1995 (E) | serine protease inhibitor-like; SPI-3, prevents syncytia; host range determinant; host defense modulator | |||
| VACWR034 | K3L | early/late | early | Morgan 1984 (E) | interferon resistance; host defense modulator | |||
| VACWR035 | K4L | early/late | phospholipase-D-like | |||||
| 6 | VACWR036 | pseudogene | pseudogene | gene fragment, putative monoglyceride lipase | ||||
| 6 | VACWR037 | K5L | pseudogene | gene fragment, putative monoglyceride lipase | ||||
| 6 | VACWR038 | K6L | early/late | gene fragment, putative monoglyceride lipase | ||||
| VACWR039 | K7R | early/late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR040 | F1L | early | early | Roseman 1990 (E) | unknown | |||
| VACWR041 | F2L | early/late | early | Roseman 1990 (E) | dUTPase, expressed early, non-essential in tissue culture, involved in nucleotide metabolism | |||
| VACWR042 | F3L | late | late | kelch-like | ||||
| VACWR043 | F4L | early | early | Roseman 1990 (E) | ribonucleotide reductase small subunit | |||
| VACWR044 | F5L | early/late | early | Roseman 1990 (E) | putative F5L; putative major membrane protein | |||
| VACWR045 | F6L | early/late | early | Roseman 1990 (E) | unknown | |||
| VACWR046 | F7L | early | early | Roseman 1990 (E) | putative F7L | |||
| VACWR047 | F8L | early/late | late | protein with iActA-like proline repeats; not required for actin tails formation | ||||
| VACWR048 | F9L | early/late | late | S-S bond formation pathway; thiol substrate | ||||
| VACWR049 | F10L | late | late | ser/thr kinase | ||||
| VACWR050 | F11L | early | unknown | |||||
| VACWR051 | F12L | early/late | early | Zhang 2000 (E) | involved in plaque and EEV formation; on IEV, not CEV, IV or IMV | |||
| VACWR052 | F13L | late | late | palmytilated EEV membrane protein; phospholipase motif, required for IEV formation | ||||
| VACWR053 | F14L | early/late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR053.5 | F14.5L | early/late | ||||||
| VACWR054 | F15L | early/late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR055 | F16L | early/late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR056 | F17R | early/late | late | putative DNA-binding phosphoprotein in virus core | ||||
| VACWR057 | E1L | late | poly-A polymerase catalytic subunit VP55 | |||||
| VACWR058 | E2L | early/late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR059 | E3L | early/late | early | Murcia-Nicolas 1999 (E) | double-stranded RNA binding protein; inhibits antiviral activities of interferon; host-range determinant; host defense modulator | |||
| VACWR060 | E4L | early/late | early | Murcia-Nicolas 1999 (E) | DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunit rpo30, intermediate-gene transcription factor VITF1; TFIIS-like | |||
| VACWR061 | E5R | early/late | early | Murcia-Nicolas 1999 (E) | abundant component of virosome | |||
| VACWR062 | E6R | early/late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR063 | E7R | early/late | soluble, myristylprotein has N-myristyltransferase target MGxxxS/T/A | |||||
| VACWR064 | E8R | early/late | early/late | Doglio 2002 (E,L) | membrane protein may help wrap virosome; associates with IV/IMV and cores; F10L kinase substrate | |||
| VACWR065 | E9L | early/late | early | Earl 1986 (E) | DNA polymerase | |||
| VACWR066 | E10R | early/late | late | S-S bond formation pathway; sulfhydryl oxidase, substrates L1R/F9L | ||||
| VACWR067 | E11L | late | late | virion core protein | ||||
| VACWR068 | O1L | early/late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR069 | O2L | late | late | nonessential glutaredoxin; not part of E10R-G4L S-S bond formation pathway | ||||
| VACWR069.5 | 266 | late | hypothetical protein | |||||
| VACWR070 | I1L | late | late | DNA-binding core protein | ||||
| VACWR071 | I2L | late | late | unknown | ||||
| VACWR072 | I3L | early/late | early/intermediate/late | Schmitt 1988 (E,L) , Vos 1988(I) | ssDNA-binding phosphoprotein | |||
| VACWR073 | I4L | early/late | early | Schmitt 1988 (E) | ribonucleotide reductase large subunit | |||
| VACWR074 | I5L | early/late | late | Minor membrane component of the virion | ||||
| VACWR075 | I6L | early/late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR076 | I7L | late | late | viral core cysteine proteinase | ||||
| VACWR077 | I8R | late | early/intermediate | Pacha 1990 (E) , Vos 1988(I) | An encapsidated 72kDa protein, with NTPase and RNA helicase activity. Essential for early transcription. | |||
| VACWR078 | G1L | early/late | late | insulin metalloproteinase-like has ENE and HLLEH inverse of HXXEX sites | ||||
| VACWR079 | G3L | late | late | unknown | ||||
| VACWR080 | G2R | early/late | late transcription elongation factor | |||||
| VACWR081 | G4L | late | late | S-S bond formation pathway; thioredoxin-like | ||||
| VACWR082 | G5R | early | early | da Fonseca 2004 (E) | unknown | |||
| VACWR083 | G5.5R | early | early | Amegadzie 1992 (E) | DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunit rpo7 | |||
| VACWR084 | G6R | late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR085 | G7L | late | late | Vaccinia core protein component of the seven protein complex required for virosomal uptake by viral crescents | ||||
| VACWR086 | G8R | late | intermediate | Keck 1990(I) | late gene transcription VLTF-1 | |||
| VACWR087 | G9R | late | late | myristylprotein | ||||
| VACWR088 | L1R | late | late | IMV membrane protein target of neutralizing antibody; S-S bond formation pathway thiol substrate; myristylprotein | ||||
| VACWR089 | L2R | early/late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR090 | L3L | late | unknown | |||||
| VACWR091 | L4R | late | late | ssDNA/ssRNA binding protein involved in early mRNA regulation | ||||
| VACWR092 | L5R | late | late | Component of the poxvirus multiprotein entry-fusion complex | ||||
| VACWR093 | J1R | late | late | Vaccinia core protein component of the seven protein complex required for virosomal uptake by viral crescents | ||||
| VACWR094 | J2R | early | early | Weir 1987 (E) | thymidine kinase | |||
| VACWR095 | J3R | early/late | early | Plucienniczak 1985 (E) | multifunctional poly-A polymerase subunit, cap methyltransferase, and transcription elongation factor | |||
| VACWR096 | J4R | early | early | Hooda-Dhingra 1989 (E) | DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunit rpo22 | |||
| VACWR097 | J5L | early/late | late 16kDa putative membrane protein | |||||
| VACWR098 | J6R | early | early/late | Broyles 1986 (E,L) | DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunit rpo147 | |||
| VACWR099 | H1L | late | late | tyr/ser protein phosphatase | ||||
| VACWR100 | H2R | late | late | Component of the poxvirus multiprotein entry-fusion complex | ||||
| VACWR101 | H3L | early/late | late | IMV heparin binding surface protein involved in IMV maturation | ||||
| VACWR102 | H4L | early/late | late | RAP94; tightly associated with DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, aids early-stage transcription preinitiation and termination | ||||
| VACWR103 | H5R | early/late | early/late | Rosel 1986 (E,L) | Morphogenesis-related, substrate of B1R kinase, late gene transcription factor VLTF-4 | |||
| VACWR104 | H6R | late | topoisomerase type IB | |||||
| VACWR105 | H7R | late | late | unknown | ||||
| VACWR106 | D1R | early/late | early | Lee-Chen 1988a (E) | large subunit of mRNA capping enzyme; transcription termination factor VTF | |||
| VACWR107 | D2L | late | late | virion core protein | ||||
| VACWR108 | D3R | late | late | virion core protein | ||||
| VACWR109 | D4R | early | early | Lee-Chen 1988a (E) | essential, expressed early. Interacts with A20 (component of the DNA polymerase processivity factor). | |||
| VACWR110 | D5R | early/late | early/late | Lee-Chen 1988a (E) , Roseman 1987(L) | A DNA- | |||